ASML (Advanced Semiconductor Materials Lithography) is a world leader in the development and production of lithographic systems for the semiconductor industry. These systems are a critical element in computer chip manufacturing. This case discusses the way in which the development of such highly complex systems is organised at ASML. Given the nature of the products involved, the competitive pressure, as well as the speed of technological development, there is pressure to develop new products that meet the demands of customers. This is felt throughout the company. Would these pressures be ameliorated had ASML opted for a different organisational form?