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In February 2011, Microsoft, the world’s largest software company and Nokia, the world’s largest handset manufacturer, announced a strategic partnership which would enable the two players to present a strong front to their rival handset manufacturers as well as Google’s Android platform and Apple’s iPhone domination. Nokia’s market share had been slipping since the advent of smartphones and Microsoft continued to be a minor player in the market for smartphones. Nokia, which according to experts was at a crossroads, seemed to have made the decision to leave behind its failing Symbian platform and go ahead with the Windows Phone 7 operating system as its principal smartphone strategy. The case analyses the latest trends in the global mobile ecosystem, the position of the two main players Microsoft and Nokia, and the synergies expected from the strategic alliance. Would the alliance build on the complimentary strengths and expertise of the two companies, create a new mobile ecosystem in which both players could thrive? While Stephen Elop, Nokia’s President and CEO warned that there would be substantial job losses because of the alliance, he also assured that Nokia would remain a Finnish company. Industry experts questioned the rationale behind Nokia’s decision to go with the Windows Phone which was as yet of unproved credibility in the market.